ἀνακρουσ-ία παιδιᾶς εἶδος ἐπὶ σφαίρας

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `push, strike, stamp' (Hp., Att.).

Other forms: Aor. κροῦσαι, pass. - σθῆναι, perf. midd. κέκρου(σ)μαι, act. κέκρουκα.

Compounds: Very often with preflx, ἀνα-, δια-, ἐκ-, παρα-, συν-.

Derivatives: Also from the prefixcompp. in several meanings (here not esp. noted): κροῦμα, - σμα `sound made through bumping, tone, melody' (Hp., Att.) with κρου(σ)-ματικός (hell.), κροῦσις `striking, esp. of the strings, string music' (Hp., Att.), κρουσμός `id.' (hell.); ἀνακρουσ-ία παιδιᾶς εἶδος ἐπὶ σφαίρας H.; ἐπικρούσ-τιον name of a rnedic. instrument (medic.), - τήριον `hammer' (Gloss.); κρουστικός `good for pushing' (Hp., Ar., Arist.); Προκρούσ-της name of a mythical brigand (X.). -- For κρούω Homer has the enlarged κροαίνω (Z 507 = O 264 κροαίνων `stamping, galopping'; after these Opp., Philostr.); cf. Debrunner IF 21, 43.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [622] * krou(s)- `push, bunp, strike, break'

Etymology: To κροιός s. below and s. v. The Greek verbal system and the deriv. nouns is based on a stem κρουσ-; the present can be *κρούσ-ω or *κρούσ-ιω. The pair κρούω: κροαίνω agrees with ἀκούω: ἀκοή and must be explained in the same way; a base-form *κροϜάν-ι̯ω without σ (Bechtel Lex. s. v. with Fraenkel Denom. 23 n. 2) is unnecessary. Also κροιός (s. v.) can go back on *κρουσ-ι̯ός (with functional - ιο- retained). - With κρούω from IE krous- agrees exactly Slav., e.g. OCS sъ-krušǫ, - šiti, Russ. krušitь ' συντρίβειν, θραύειν, κρούειν'; the same fullgrade also in Latv. kràusêt `stamp (off)', Lith. kraušýti `id.'. Beside it with zero grade, IE. krus-, e.g. CS ORuss. krъcha, Russ. krochá `morsel, crumb', Lith. krušù, krùšti `stamp, push (apart)'; with fullgrade kreus- Lith. kriaũšti `sting'. - Solmsen KZ 29, 97 a. n., Pok. 622f., Fraenkel Wb. s. krùšti, Vasmer Wb. s. krochá a. krušítь.

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